Serie A (Italian pronunciation: [sɛːrje a], also called Serie A TIM because of the sponsorship of TIM, 1 is a professional competition for the football clubs located at the top of the system of the Italian football league and the winner receives the Coppa Campioni d 'Italia, which has been in operation for more than eighty years since the 1929-30 season, was organized by Lega Calcio until 2010, when the Lega Serie A was created for the 2010-2011 season.
Serie A is considered one of the best football leagues in the world and is often touted as the most tactical national league2. Serie A was the second largest national league in 2014 according to IFFHS3 and produced the highest number of European leagues. Cup finalists: Italian clubs have reached the final of the competition 27 times, winning the title 12 times.4 Serie A is ranked third among the European leagues according to UEFA coefficient, behind La Liga, Premier League and in front of the Bundesliga and Ligue 1, based on the performances of the Italian clubs of the Champions League and the Europa League in the last five years5.
In its current form, the Italian Football Championship has gone from a regional and interregional round to a one-level league from the 1929-30 season. Champion titles won before 1929 are officially recognized by the FIGC with the same weight as the titles awarded thereafter. However, the 1945-1946 season, when the league was contested over two geographic groups because of the ravages of the Second World War, is not considered statistically, even though its title is entirely official.7 All winning teams have the title of Campione d 'Italia ("Champion of Italy"), which is ratified by the Lega Serie A before the start of the next edition of the championship.
The league hosts three of the world's most famous clubs such as Juventus, Milan and Internazionale, all founding members of the G-14, a group that represented the largest and most prestigious European football clubs from 2000 to 20088. founding members of its successive organization, European Club Association (ECA). More players have won the coveted Ballon d'Or by playing in a Serie A club than any other league in the world9 - although the Spanish Liga has the highest number of winners of the Golden Ball, including including the FIFA Golden Ball. Juventus, the most successful Italian club of the 20th century10 and the most successful Italian team, 11 is tied for fourth in Europe and eighth in the world with the most official international title12. The club is also the only one in the world to have won all possible official competitions of the confederation.13 Milan is the third joint club for official international titles won in the world, with 18.14 Internazionale, following their achievements of the 2009- 10, becoming the first Italian team to triple 15. Juventus, Milan and Inter, with Roma, Fiorentina, Lazio and Napoli, are known as the seven sisters of Italian football. 1617181920 Note 1
Serie A is one of the most famous football leagues in the world. Of the 100 biggest footballers in history chosen by the magazine FourFourTwo in 2017, 42 have played in Serie A, more than any other league in the world21.
History
Serie A, as structured today, began during the 1929-30 season. From 1898 to 1922, the contest was organized in regional groups. Due to the growing number of teams participating in the regional championships, the Italian Football Federation (FIGC) split the ICC (Italian Football Confederation) in 1921. When CCI teams joined FIGC, two interregional divisions were renamed . leagues. In 1926, due to internal crises, the FIGC changed its internal parameters, adding teams from the south to the national division, eventually leading to the final settlement of 1929-1930. No titles were awarded in 1927 after Torino was stripped of the championship by FIGC. Torino was declared champion of the 1948-1949 season after a plane crash at the end of the season in which the entire team was killed.
The Serie A Championship title is often referred to as a scudetto because, since the 1924-1925 season, the winning team will be wearing a small coat of arms with the Italian tricolor on their strip the following season. The most successful club is Juventus with 33 championships, followed by Milan and Internazionale, with 18 championships each. Starting in the 2004-2005 season, a trophy was awarded to the club on the field after the final round of the championship. The trophy, called the Coppa Campioni d'Italia, is officially used since the 1960-61 season, but between 1961 and 2004, it was entrusted to the winning clubs of the headquarters of the Lega Nazionale Professionisti.
In April 2009, Serie A announced a split of Serie B. Nineteen of the twenty clubs voted in favor of the decision on television rights. Lecce, threatened with relegation, had voted against the decision. Maurizio Beretta, former head of the Italian employers' association, became president of the new league.22232425
In April 2016, it was announced that Serie A was selected by the International Football Association Board to test the video replays, which were initially private for the 2016-17 season, allowing them to become a live pilot phase.FIGC President Carlo Tavecchio said: "We have been among the first proponents of the use of technology in the field and we believe that we have everything to contribute to this important experience.
Format
For most of the history of Serie A, 16 or 18 clubs competed at the highest level. Since 2004-2005, there have been 20 clubs in total. 21 teams was played in One season (1947-48) for political reasons. Below you will find a complete record of how many teams have played each season in the history of the league.
18 clubs: 1929-1934
16 clubs: 1934-1943
20 clubs: 1946-1947
21 clubs: 1947-1948
20 clubs: 1948-1952
18 clubs: 1952-1967
16 clubs: 1967-1988
18 clubs: 1988-2004
20 clubs: 2004 - present
Scudetto Patch
During the season, from August to May, each club plays twice with each of the other teams. once at home and once outside, totaling 38 games for each team at the end of the season. Thus, in Italian football, a true round-robin format is used. In the first half of the season, called andata, each team plays once against each opponent in the league, for a total of 19 games. In the second half of the season, called ritourno, teams play in exactly the same order as in the first half of the season, the only difference being that home and away situations are reversed. Since the 1994/95 season, teams have three points for a win, one point for a draw and no points for a loss.
The first four Serie A teams qualify directly for the UEFA Champions League group stage (from the 2017-2018 season). The teams finishing fifth and sixth qualify for the UEFA Europa League tournament. A third UEFA Europa League spot is reserved for the winner of the Coppa Italia. If the Coppa Italia champion has already qualified for European football by ranking among the top seven teams in Serie A, the team ranked seventh in Serie A is awarded the title of the UEFA Europa League. The three least ranked teams are relegated to Serie B.
From 2005-2006, if two or more teams are tied for points (for any place), the decisive break-offs are as follows:
Head-to-head records (results and points)
Goal difference of face to face matches
Overall goal difference
More goals scored
Draw
Until the 2004-2005 season, a playoff would be used to determine the champions, the European places or the relegation, if the two teams were on equal points. The dams took place after the end of the regular season. The last championship game was held in 1963-1964, when Bologna and Inter finished with 54 points. Bologna won the match 2-0.
Non-European actors
Unlike La Liga, which imposed a quota on the number of non-EU players on each club, Serie A clubs could sign up to as many non-EU players as they can for transfers nationals.
In the 1980s and 1990s, most A-Series clubs signed a large number of players from foreign countries (both EU and non-EU). Among the famous foreign players to play in Serie A are international English Paul Gascoigne and David Platt, French Michel Platini and Laurent Blanc, Lothar Matthäus and Jürgen Klinsmann from Germany, the Dutchman Ruud Gullit and Dennis Bergkamp and the Argentinean Diego Maradona.
But since the 2003-2004 season, a quota has been imposed on each club, limiting the number of non-EU, non-EFTA and non-Swiss players that can be signed abroad each season, 36 after provisional measures37 introduced in the 2002-2003 season, which allowed Serie A and B clubs to sign only one non-EU player in the 2002 summer transfer.
In the middle of the 2000-2001 season, the old quota system was removed, which no longer limited each team to more than five non-EU players and did not use more than three players in each match3738. Along with the removal of the quota. , FIGC investigated footballers who used fake passports. Alberto and Warley, Alejandro Da Silva and Jorginho Paulista of Udinese39; Fábio Júnior and Gustavo Bartelt of Rome; 40 Dida from Milan; Álvaro Recoba of Inter; Thomas Job, Francis Ze, Jean Ondoa of Sampdoria; and Jeda and Dede de Vicenza were all banned in July 2001 for periods ranging from six months to one year41. However, most bans were subsequently reduced.
The number of non-EU actors has been reduced from 265 in 2002-2003 to 166 in 2006-07. It also included the actors that obtained EU status after the accession of their respective countries to the EU (see enlargement of 2004 and 2007). other players such as Adrian Mutu, Valeri Bojinov, Marek Jankulovski and Marius Stankevičius.
The rule underwent minor amendments in August 2004,43 June 2005,44 June 2006,4546 and June 2007.47
Since the 2008-2009 season, three quotas have been awarded to clubs that do not have third country players on their team (previously, only newly promoted clubs could have three quotas); clubs that have a non-EU player have two quotas. Clubs that have two non-EU players are allocated a quota and a conditional quota, which are awarded after: 1) a non-EU player transferred abroad or 2) a non-EU player as a free agent or 3) A non-EU player has been granted EU nationality. Clubs with three or more non-EU players, with two contingent quotas, but releasing two non-EU players as a free agent, will only have one quota instead of two.48 Clubs Serie B and Lega Pro can not sign overseas, except those who have followed the club promoted to Serie D.
Large clubs with a lot of foreigners usually borrow quotas from other clubs that have few or no foreigners to sign more non-European players. For example, Adrian Mutu joined Juventus via Livorno in 2005, as Romania was not a member of the EU at the time. Other examples include Júlio César, Victor Obinna and Maxwell, who joined Internazionale de Chievo (the first two) and Empoli respectively.
On 2 July 2010, the conditional quota above was reduced to one, but if a team did not have non-European players, this team could still sign up to three non-European players.495051 In 2011, the quota signature has been reduced to two. 52
Homegrown players
The Serie A also imposed the Homegrown players rule, a modification of the Homegrown (UEFA) player rule. Unlike UEFA, Serie A did not cap the number of first-team players at 25, which means that the club could employ more foreigners by increasing the size of the team.53 However, a limit of 25 (players under 21 years old were excluded)) was introduced in the 2015-2016 season (in 2015-2016, the team simply needs 8 local players, but does not need 4 of them his own youth team) .54 For the 2016-2017 season, Sassuolo sanctioned a non-eligible player. , Antonino Ragusa.55 Although the club did not exceed the capacity of 21 players who were not part of their youth team (only Domenico Berardi was eligible as a young product) and under 21 (born in 1995 or afterwards, in their call of 24 men, of which four players were eligible, 56 It was reported that the team's list had not been updated to the Lega Serie A.57
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